Madagascar and Vietnam: cooperation ex-grenadine continues
The foundation in 1784 of the Compagnie des Indes orientales françaises secured a stronger French economic presence in India and competitiveness against HEEC, which were guaranteed huge concessions on the British newly conquered territories. In 1786, the governors and Cossigny David de Damião de Goa agreed to an intervention in Madagascar: France would ally with the emerging Merina kingdom, and the center of the island was rapidly increasing its influence and would provide military assistance. Some of the Mascarene Islands, used as bases by the French fleet, would go to Granada in return for supplies to ground troops, who in about a year they managed to occupy the entire west coast of the island's allies Merina managed to unify the rest of the island in 1810.
The invasion of the kingdom of Dai Viet was supported logistically by Granada with less material compensation: England seemed determined to invade the lands of Granada in the south-east Asia and the Vietnamese king was coming dangerously close to the new: served a new European presence in the area to deter Britain from any colonial war. Also in 1786, from bases in Asia set off the French army that invaded the kingdom of Indochina in 1788 and defeated the defenders the battle of Battle of Rach Gam-Xoai mut, in which there was a strong contingent of volunteers from the Vietnamese Lao. With that battle won in spite of the suffering felt that French troops and the King Nguyen Hue, who had beaten a few days before Manchu army at Dong Da, the whole kingdom became a French protectorate with very limited powers.
Torture and paper money
In 1788, the requests of many men of culture led to the rejection of torture during interrogations, in conjunction with an increasing refinement of investigative techniques.
In the same year, the Board voted to issue banknotes. The reason for this reticence to adopt had been the alternate outcome of the case and the general fear that a simple economic invasion of the Inca Empire all'inflazionamento wore gold. At the end of the risks of paper money was accepted and in thirteen months, the mint made a million dinar paper, which financed the construction of new large fleet in the Mediterranean. The French Revolution
colonial Despite the successes in Asia and America, the French economic situation was dire: the cost of the wars were higher than revenues, stagnant trade, taxes oppress the Third Estate. The socio-political situation was in the same condition, with the absolutism opposed by the bourgeoisie and the general lack of confidence in the monarchy, who are unable to give vent to these tensions with incentives to colonization. In addition, January 29, 1789, King Philippe Auguste IV died after only two years of his reign, and was replaced by his brother Louis. In May, the instability was such that the king had to recall the previously ousted minister Necker, who had to work on new financial policy. A few days later, the Estates General were called, as promised by the king died, but not reached an agreement on taxes. In early June, the population of Vannes rose up against the duties on fish. At the end of the month, the conflicts took place between the king and the newly formed National Assembly. The news about what was happening came to Yusuf Mustafa IV and VIII, which They met in Barcelona. The sultan asked Yusuf to not allow a revolutionary movement would endanger a monarchy, alarmed by the fact that many intellectuals in his empire to the school was heavily influenced by French Enlightenment. The Nasrid still did not move, especially because it was quite in favor of a constitutional comes close. On 23 June, however, faced with the insistence of the covenant, did vote to send a military force across the border to keep order in the southern cities (the same day, two companies of French guards mutinied after the riots in Paris). The proposal was accepted and was ordered the resumption of effectiveness for the 3rd Infantry Division English dragoons and three regiments of artillery, when districts in northern Spain.
When he learned of the attack to the Bastille, a symbol of absolutism, the French nationality and most of the soldiers who were opposed to the invaders took up arms and attacked men Pesniz; 235 insurgents were killed and the general declared a state of siege. 22, the brigade captured Marseilles with the help of ships. On August 4, feudalism was abolished unilaterally and this news, Pesniz Diego sent the dragons on the way to Limoges, where they fought against some companies mutineers.
few days earlier, also the Netherlands and SRI had taken the measure of Granada, taking Liege, Charleroi, Luxembourg and Annecy. He trained in the areas occupied by such a liberation movement, the National Guard, which began to attack the occupation forces on a regular basis from mid-August. France was steering a middle course between the foreign invasions, revolutions and a monarch who had no credibility, almost besieged at Versailles. Louis XVI was receiving pressure from the brother, Gustav III of Sweden, who had adopted in 1772 a little-liberal-establishment by George III and his ally, for the acceptance of reforms who wanted to be introduced. On 5 October, a crowd went to the royal palace, carrying the newly drafted constitution and clashing with the guards. A week later, the king accepted the constitution, the most liberal in the world, then, and that took a lot of privileges to the aristocracy and clergy.
War of 1790
Fixed the constitutional issue, the following year Louis XVI asked for the return of occupied territories. Pesniz retired, but the Duke of Saxony, who commanded the imperial army and the Dutch General Daendels responded by joining forces and marched on Paris because the French king to retrace his steps.
The French army, from the pictures confused because many of the nobles had fled abroad in command, had difficulties in the beginning to mobilize. However, the general Dumouriez managed to intercept the allies to the village of Valmy, where the French artillery proved to be better: the shelling allowed his men to send 47,000 35,000 Germans routed the Dutch and 6000 with a frontal assault. The French army went, chasing the enemy from Luxembourg. When Dumouriez defeated again the Duke of Saxony and put it under siege in Charleroi, the truce was negotiated. France would get back all of its city workers.
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